Treatment and Management
According to Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 of India, Bio-medical waste means any waste which is generated during the diagnosis, treatment or immunization of human beings or animals or in research activities pertaining thereto or in the production or testing of biological and including categories.
Schedule I| Categories of Biomedical Waste in India | ||
| Option1 | Waste Category | Treatment & Disposal |
| Category No.1 | Human Anatomical Waste (human tissues, organs, body parts) | Incineration / deep burial |
| Category No.2 | Animal Waste (animal tissues, organs, fluids blood etc.) | Incineration / deep burial |
| Category No.3 | Microbiology & Biotechnology Waste (waste from laboratory cultures, stocks or specimens of microorganisms) | Local autoclaving / microwaving / incineration |
| Category No.4 | Waste Sharps (needles, Syringes, scalpels, blades etc.) | Disinfection (chemical treatment@ / autoclaving / microwaving and mutilation / shredding) |
| Category No.5 | Discarded Medicines and cytotoxic drugs (waste comprising of outdated, contaminated & discarded medicines) | Incineration@destruction and drugs disposal in secured landfills |
| Category No.6 | Solid Waste (Items contaminated with blood, and fluids including cotton dressings, linen, beddings etc.) | Incineration@autoclaving /microwaving |
| Category No.7 | Solid Waste (waste generated from disposable items) | Disinfection by chemical treatment @ autoclaving / microwaving and mutilation / shredding |
| Category No.8 | Liquid Waste (waste generated from laboratory, washing, cleaning, housekeeping & disinfecting activities) | Disinfection by chemical treatment and discharge into drains. |
| Category No.9 | Incineration Ash (ash from incineration of any biomedical waste) | Disposal in municipal landfill |
| Category No.10 | Chemical used in production of biological, chemicals used in disinfection, as insecticides etc. | Chemical treatment and discharge into drains for liquids and secured landfill for solids. |
Schedule II
| Color Coding and type of container for disposal of bio-medical wastes | |||
| Color Coding | Type Of Container | Waste Category | Treatment Option as per Schedule I |
| Yellow | Plastic Bag | Cat1, Cat2, Cat3 & Cat6 | Incineration/deep burial |
| Red | Disinfection container/plastic bag | Cat3, Cat6 & Cat7 | Autoclaving /Microwaving /Chemical Treatment |
| Blue/White Translucent | Plastic bag/puncture proof container | Cat4, Cat7 | Autoclaving /Microwaving /Chemical Treatment and Destruction /Shredding |
| Black | Plastic Bag | Cat5, Cat9 & Cat10 (Solid) | Disposal in secured landfill |